The BRICS nations must work together to make supply chains for critical minerals and technology secure and ensure that no country uses these resources for its own “selfish gain” or as a “weapon” against others, Prime Minister Narendra Modi said at the annual summit of the grouping. In his address at a session on multilateralism, financial matters and artificial intelligence on Sunday, Modi also called for creation of global standards for use of AI to maintain transparency and prevent misuse.

Modi’s comments on critical minerals came amid concerns over China’s restrictions on the export of the vital resources as well as its non-transparent policy approach in the sector. “We need to work together to make supply chains for critical minerals and technology secure and reliable. It’s important to ensure that no country uses these resources for its own selfish gain or as a weapon against others,” Modi said.

Critical minerals such as lithium, nickel and graphite are considered vital for high-end technology products including electric vehicles (EVs), drones, and battery storage. China has been a dominant player in the critical minerals supply chain globally.