Updated On: 30 March, 2025 07:03 AM IST | Mumbai | Devdutt Pattanaik
These need not be read literally. But their use as metaphors indicates the Aryans were familiar with same-sex activity.

Illustration/Devdutt Pattanaik
The Aryans were the Indo-Europeans who travelled eastwards and discovered the Ephedra-containing Soma plants in the Pamir mountains, which they consumed in complex rituals while stationed in the Oxus River basin. From here, one group migrated towards India, and the other migrated towards Iran (a name derived from Aryan).
The group that migrated towards India married local women, and their children composed the Rigveda. In the Rigveda, the chief deity is Indra. Most of the hymns found in the Rigveda are in praise of this deity. Soma is offered to him, and in exchange, he grants fortune to those who adore him.