Why do heart attack cases rise during summers?

Heart failure is a chronic condition that affects millions of people worldwide While its causes can vary there is a noticeable increase in the incidence of heart failure during the summer months This phenomenon has prompted researchers and healthcare professionals to delve deeper into the factors contributing to summer heart failure and explore effective prevention strategiesAs temperatures soar the human body undergoes specific physiological changes Consequently the heart is compelled to increase its efforts pumping blood at a faster rate to help regulate the bodys temperature When exposed to extreme heat there is a heightened risk of heatstroke if the bodys cooling mechanisms failThis place added strain on the heart significantly elevating the risk of heart attacks and strokes particularly for those with preexisting heart conditions In certain instances individuals with compromised or weakened cardiac systems face an increased susceptibility to heatstroke dehydration heart failure arrhythmias angina and myocardial infarctionsHow does hot weather affect the heartCardiovascular diseases particularly heart failure stand as the predominant cause of mortality globally As per a recent report from the World Heart Federation deaths attributed to cardiovascular diseases CVDs which reign as the foremost global cause of fatality surged by 6037 The global count rose from 121 million in 1990 to 205 million in 2021During periods of excessive heat especially in the summer season the cardiovascular system encounters the demanding task of regulating body temperature by expelling excess heat In response to the heat blood vessels dilate leading to a decrease in blood pressure and subsequently causing an elevation in heart rate and stronger cardiac contractions However this physiological response can pose a significant risk to the heartHeart failure tends to exhibit an increase in incidents during the summer months and there are several reasons behind this phenomenonDehydrationIn hot weather people tend to lose more fluids through sweat Dehydration can strain the heart as it needs to work harder to pump blood effectively when the blood volume decreases due to dehydrationHigh TemperaturesHigh temperatures induce the expansion dilation of blood vessels to dissipate heat and cool the body This phenomenon can lead to a decline in blood pressure rendering the hearts task of efficiently circulating blood more challengingPhysical ExertionPeople often engage in more physical activities during the summers including exercise and outdoor recreation Overexertion in the heat can put additional stress on the heartSodium IntakeSummer diets sometimes include higher levels of sodium salt which can lead to fluid retention and increased strain on the heartRespiratory ChallengesAllergies and respiratory problems tend to worsen during the summer due to factors like pollen and air pollution These can affect breathing and consequently place strain the heartGuidelines for Addressing Heart Failure in Extreme Weather conditionsFluid ManagementIts crucial for individuals with heart failure to carefully manage their fluid intake especially during hot weather Excessive fluid can lead to fluid retention and worsen heart failure symptoms On the other hand dehydration can strain the heart Work with your healthcare provider to establish a daily fluid intake plan that suits your specific needsMedication AdherenceContinue adhering to the prescribed medication regimen as instructed by your healthcare provider During hot weather your doctor may consider adjusting your medications or dosages to optimize your condition managementStay CoolAvoid extreme heat whenever possible Stay indoors during the hottest parts of the day and use air conditioning or fans to maintain a comfortable temperature at home If you need to go outside try to do so during cooler morning or evening hoursMonitor SymptomsBe vigilant about monitoring your heart failure symptoms If you notice increased shortness of breath swelling rapid weight gain or other concerning symptoms immediately contact your healthcare provider promptlyLowSodium DietContinue following a hearthealthy lowsodium dietary plan Highsodium foods can contribute to fluid retention which may worsen heart failure symptoms Exercise particular caution when dining out or consuming processed foodsHydrationWhile its important to manage fluid intake make sure you are drinking enough to stay adequately hydrated Consult your healthcare provider for personalized guidance on fluid restrictionsModerate exercisePhysical activity is important but heart failure patients should establish a sustainable exercise routine in consultation with their doctorSeek Immediate Medical AttentionIf you experience intense chest discomfort severe breathlessness confusion or fainting it is imperative to promptly seek medical assistance as these symptoms may indicate a cardiac emergencyIn conclusion tailoring your heart failure management to cope with the challenges of scorching summer conditions is essential Collaborate closely with your cardiologist to formulate a customized strategy that caters to your unique requirements safeguarding your health and ensuring your comfort throughout the hot weatherDr Nimit C Shah Interventional and Heart Failure Cardiologist Breach Candy Hospital Cumballa Hill Mumbai